高密度輪蟲養殖系統之研發

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系統識別號	U0005-1908200911271300
論文名稱(中文)	高密度輪蟲養殖系統之研發
論文名稱(英文)	Development of High Density Culture System for Rotifer Cultivation
校院名稱	中興大學
系所名稱(中)	生物產業機電工程學系所
系所名稱(英)	Department of Bio-Industrial Mechatronics Engineering
學年度	97
學期	2
出版年	98
研究生(中文)	馬聿安
研究生(英文)	Yu-An Ma
學號	79640102
學位類別	碩士
語文別	中文
口試日期	2009-07-16
論文頁數	82頁
口試委員	指導教授-陳俊明 委員-尤瓊琦 委員-洪滉祐
中文關鍵字	輪蟲  高密度養殖系統  生物餌料
英文關鍵字	Rotifer  High density cultivation system  Live food
學科別分類	學科別＞應用科學＞機械工程 學科別＞醫學與生命科學＞生物學
中文摘要	本 研究旨在建立一高密度輪蟲養殖系統模型，藉以作為未來建立一較大培養量之高密度輪蟲培養系統之設計依據。本研究由環境與餌料因子試驗結果獲致系統模型設計 參數，其中環境因子試驗獲致溫度設定為30℃、鹽度25ppt、pH7.5~8.5之間及曝氣量0.045 vvm之條件下，驗証輪蟲能有良好之增殖環境；而餌料因子試驗則分別測試初始餌料密度與餌料粒徑對輪蟲增殖之影響，三種初始餌料密度1,000、 1,500及2,000×104 cells/ml之測試結果，顯示較高之初始餌料密度2,000×104 cells/ml組，輪蟲有較大之帶卵率0.5543 eggs/female，亦獲致其輪蟲比增殖率最高達0.0686hr-1，且其密度於接種後24 hr，最高可達初始接種密度的1.92倍，試驗結果亦獲致帶卵率與輪蟲區間比增殖率呈良好之線性關係，因此未來將可利用此關係，即以其帶卵率預測批次培養 時輪蟲增殖趨勢；同時餌料因子試驗亦以相同微藻但不同粒徑之餌料進行測試，顯示輪蟲攝取之餌料粒徑影響其增殖速度，且餵飼粒徑較大者可有較佳之增殖現象。 本研究亦依據環境與餌料因子試驗所獲致之培養條件作為半連續培養試驗參數，探討於半連續培養時餌料餵飼密度與輪蟲增殖之關係，結果顯示當餌料消耗率保持於 0.2~0.6×104 cells/ind.之間，可保持適當之帶卵率，並提昇輪蟲增殖率，培養64小時後輪蟲密度達6,876 ind./ml之極高密度，為初始密度785ind./ml之8.76倍。本研究亦已建立一高密度輪蟲養殖系統，系統包括微藻反應器與輪蟲培養槽兩部份， 以進一步驗証餌料消耗率與實際養殖系統中之增殖率，系統經104 hr培養測試後，平均餌料消耗率為0.4×104 cells/ind.，並由放大培養過程中獲致良好之輪蟲增殖與帶卵率，終止時輪蟲數為17,355,000隻，為初始接種數6,780,000隻之 2.56倍，且其全程平均帶卵率亦達0.559 eggs/female，顯示本系統已有良好之餌料密度控制與高密度輪蟲培養能力。
英文摘要	The purpose of this study is to develop a high density cultivation model for rotifer which is used as a design basis of the establishment of a high density cultivation system for rotifer mass culture. The designed parameters of the high density rotifer cultivation model were obtained by its environment and feed factors tests. The results of the environmental experiments have shown that the best environment conditions for rotifer cultivation were set at a temperature of 30 ℃, salinity 25ppt, pH7.5 ~ 8.5 and aeration with 0.045 vvm. In the feed factor tests, the effects of the initial density and the ESD (equivalent spherical diameter) of feeds were investigated. The three initial feed densities, 1,000, 1,500 and 2,000×104 cells/ml were selected for the cultivation tests. The results of experiments had demonstrated that a higher initial feed density obtained a greater egg ratio of the rotifer. The test with the initial feed density 2,000×104 cells/ml held the highest egg ratio and the growth rate with 0.5543 eggs/female and 0.0686 hr-1 , respectively. The density at 24 hr after inoculation was up to the initial inoculation density of 1.92 times. The experimental results had also expressed a good linear relationship between the egg ratio and the interval growth rate of the rotifer. Therefore, it will be plausible to utilize this linear relationship with egg ratio predict the trends for the growth of rotifer density in the future. During the feed factor tests, the effects using the same kind of alga with different ESD were also performed. The experimental results had shown that the ESD had significantly influenced the growth of the rotifer density, while the rotifer feeding with a larger ESD could have a better growth rate. Based on the environmental and feed experimental results, a semi-continuous culture experiment was conducted to explore the relationship with the feed density and the growth of rotifer. The experimental results had shown that as the feed consumption rate kept between 0.2~0.6×104 cells/ind., it was able to maintain an appropriate egg ratio, as well as to increase the growth of the rotifer. The highest density 6,876 ind./ml was detected after 64 hr of inoculation and the density was 8.76 times as compared with the initial inoculation density of 785 ind./ml. Ultimately, this study established a high density rotifer cultivation system. The system was constructed and combined with the parts of the microalgal reactor and the rotifer culture tank to verify the influence of the rate of feed consumption to the growth rate in the actual rotifer cultivation system. For the cultivation test of 104 hr, the average feed consumption was maintained at 0.4×104 cells/ind. The experimental results indicated that a good cultivating performance of the system with excellent rotifer growth and egg ratio was obtained. The final numbers of the rotifer were 17,355,000 individuals, and it was 2.56 times of its initial numbers 6,780,000 individuals. The average of the egg ratio was also maintained with 0.559 eggs/female. This result had demonstrated that the system with excellent capability of feed density control and high density rotifer cultivation was developed.
論文目次	謝誌 i 摘要 ii Abstract iv 目錄 vi 表目錄 ix 圖目錄 x 第一章 緒論 1 1-1 前言 1 1-2 研究目的 2 第二章 文獻探討 3 2-1 實驗對象浮游生物簡介 3 2-1-1 海水輪蟲分類與型態 3 2-1-1-1 系統分類 3 2-1-1-2 型態 3 2-2 輪蟲生長估計模型 5 2-3 影響輪蟲成長之因子 7 2-3-1 溫度 7 2-3-2 鹽度 8 2-3-3 光照 8 2-3-4 pH值 8 2-3-5 溶氧量 9 2-3-6 氨氮 9 2-3-7 餌料及其相應球型直徑 10 2-3-8 餌料及其營養價 10 2-3-9 擬球藻 12 2-3-10 海水輪蟲高密度養殖 13 第三章 材料與方法 15 3-1 系統設計概念 15 3-2 試驗材料 16 3-3 試驗量測方法 18 3-3-1 微藻與輪蟲量測方法 19 3-3-1-1 微藻密度量測方法 19 3-3-1-2 輪蟲密度與帶卵率量測方法 19 3-3-2 統計分析 20 3-3-3 輪蟲成長試驗 20 3-3-4 輪蟲環境因子試驗-溶氧因子 20 3-3-5 輪蟲環境因子試驗-pH值因子 21 3-3-6 輪蟲養份因子試驗-初始餌料餵飼密度 21 3-3-7 輪蟲成長因子試驗-餌料粒徑 22 3-3-8 半連續培養餌料密度試驗 23 3-3-9 高密度輪蟲培養系統試驗 25 第四章 結果與討論 30 4-1 輪蟲成長試驗結果 30 4-1-1 輪蟲環境因子-溶氧因子試驗結果 31 4-1-2 輪蟲環境因子-pH值因子試驗結果 34 4-1-3 輪蟲養份因子-初始餵飼密度試驗結果 37 4-1-4 輪蟲養份因子-餌料粒徑因子試驗結果 54 4-2 半連續培養餌料密度試驗結果 59 4-2-1 高密度輪蟲培養系統試驗結果 70 第五章 結論與建議 76 5-1 結論 76 5-2 建議 78 第六章 參考文獻 79
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